The mining resources have their base in the Earth, geological investigation is the base tool to locate and value these resources of an adequate form. Always associated in a correct economic and environmental impact evaluation.
What is geological investigation?
In Inema Ingenieros Asesores S.L., we understand that geological investigation is the summary of multidisciplinary skills and techniques of study of the earths material, focused on finding it's:
•Chemical and physical composition
•Geomechanical characteristics
•Geometric distribution and disposition
•History
•Future evolution
What services can we offer in Geological Investigation?
• Field geology, supported by photographical methods.
• Teledetection
• Geotechnical Engineering
• Geophysics
• Electrical Methods
• Electromagnetic Methods
• Seismic methods (refraction, reflection)
• Ground Penetrating Radar
• Borehole Geological Logging with recovery of cores
• Borehole Geological Logging with recovery of fragments
• Borehole Geophysical Wireline Logging
• Laboratory specialist in mineralogy
• Laboratory specialist in micropalaeontology
DESIGN OF EXPLOITATION
The design of the exploitation uses the information previously put into proportion by the geological investigation. It is necessary to order the said information by the quantity and quality of the resource. Therefore, the information is discretized into block models.
The information directly collected at the surface and in boreholes is extended to cover the rest of the deposit using geostatitscs. For this purpose, we have available specific mining software SURPAC
As a result, we obtain the geometric distribution of the resource of interest, classified in quality and quantity.
The design of a mineral exploitation is based on the integration and optimisation of the model of reserves obtained with the following external parameters:
•Economical conditions
•Technical and legal dispositions
•Environmental restrictions
The objective is to arrange an operative plan in long term and mid term of the exploitation, with an adequate prevision of affected surfaces, as much for exploitation as for slag heaps, human means, material means and finance.
What more in Inema Ingenieros Asesores, S.L. the process of restoration is thought of as one phase more than the exploitation, and as such is integrated in the operative plan.
DESIGN OF RESTORATION
All the restoration is articulated, in base, to a perfect integration in the surrounding landscape for this it is necessary to first realise.
•A study of the landscape
In this mode, the principal uses that can be adopted in the recuperation of terrain exploited in mining are the following:
-Agriculture
- Forestry
- Natural reserves and recovery of the natural habitat
- Recreational
- Industrial and urban
- Controlled landfill
•AGRICULTURE: Moving to gain an agricultural dedication in the area, through cultivated arable, pastures and forage.
•FORESTRY: Its objective is to promote the establishment and development of trees for consumption as wood, as a forest management activity.
•NATURAL USE AND RECUPERATION OF HABITATS: Combines the treatment of the forms of terrain, the watercourses and vegetation to cover the basic needs of animals, including food, water, refuge and ample territory.
•RECREATIVE: Includes a range of activities, from “soft use” of terrain, such as areas to pass time, walk, areas of bird watching interest, to activities that require an intervention much deeper, as is the case of sporting recreation, cycling circuits, climbing areas, etc.
•INDUSTRIAL AND URBAN USE: Includes the construction of buildings related to industrial purposes, warehouses, processing plants and controlled landfill.
INEMA Ingenieros Asesores S.L. has managed plans of restoration for all uses previously cited, but owing to the situation of the exploitations within natural environments, always putting first the obtainment of forestry or recreational uses, or of recuperation of natural habitats.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESMENT
A series of stages and tasks must be accomplished in environmental impact assessment:
• Analysis and description of the project
•Global detailing of the elemental actions of the project and their capacity to generate impacts.
• Definition of the risk situation
